INSIDE OLD CATHOLIC

By †Gabriel Obiano, D.D. The "Filioque" Clause: A Western Addition and Eastern Dispute The Nicene Creed stands as one of Christianity's most foundational declarations of faith, a concise yet profound statement summarizing core beliefs held by billions across denominations. Recited in liturgies and studied in theological schools, it serves as a powerful testament to the early Church's struggle to articulate the mystery of God. However, within its ancient lines lies a subtle yet significant difference that contributed to the schism between the Christian East and West: the addition of a single word in Latin – the "Filioque." To truly understand the Nicene Creed is to journey back to the very roots of Christian doctrine, and to appreciate the rich, complex tapestry of its development. I must admit that the Council of Niecae did a great job. This is the Genesis of it all. The Genesis of the Creed: Councils of Nicaea and Constantinople The original form of the Nic...

By †Gabriel Obiano, D.D. The act of sharing bread and wine in communion, or the Eucharist, is central to Christian worship. Yet, a subtle but significant difference in practice has long distinguished the Western and Eastern traditions. While both believe the bread becomes the Body of Christ, the Roman Catholic Church uses unleavened bread, whereas the Eastern Orthodox Church uses leavened bread. This divergence is not merely a matter of culinary preference; it is rooted in profound theological and historical interpretations of the Last Supper.  The Roman Catholic Tradition: Unleavened Bread (Azymes) In the Roman Catholic Church, the bread used for the Eucharist is a thin, unleavened wafer, often referred to by its Latin name, azymes. This practice is tied directly to the historical context of the Last Supper. Exposition: The Roman Catholic position holds that the Last Supper was a Jewish Passover Seder. The Gospel accounts (Matthew 26:17, Mark 14:12, Luke 22:7) describe Jesus's pre...